街头艺术面面观

     The Cheapest Gig in Town

　　从古欧洲的吟游诗人，到如今的国际街头艺术节，人们对街头艺术的看法向来是一分为二的。有些人认为它在本质上就是一种艺术，而另外一些人则认为，它与乞讨没有什么不同，只不过是一种高级的、体面的乞讨方式罢了。不过，话又说回来，能说服路人为你的表演买单，也算得上一种艺术了。

　　Definition 定义解读

　　A busker is someone who performs music or an act on the street. The most common kind of busker plays a guitar. Passers-by will drop money into his/her guitar case. However, players of other instruments, from the classical violin to the handsaw, are also buskers. In fact, any kind of street performance can be regarded as a form of busking. This includes fire-breathers, jugglers, storytellers, mime artists and dancers.

　　街头艺人是指在大街上演奏音乐或表演节目的人。最常见的街头艺人是吉他演奏者。路人会将钱丢入他/她的吉他盒中。不过，演奏其它乐器的人也算街头艺人，他们演奏的乐器囊括了从古典小提琴到锯琴的各种乐器。事实上，任何类别的街头表演都可以被当作一种街头艺术形式。这就涵盖了玩喷火把戏者、变戏法者、说书人、哑剧艺术者和舞者的各类人群。

　　Busking and The City 街头表演与城市

　　In some cities busking requires a permit while in others it is tolerated as long as it doesn't ①interfere with noise and traffic regulations.

　　在某些城市中，街头表演需要得到许可，而在另一些城市中，只要它不违反噪音条例和交通法规就没有问题。

　　In Europe, city authorities generally welcome buskers. It is believed that in busy city-centre areas street performers create a festive and lively atmosphere that helps to attract more visitors and shoppers. As passers-by stop to enjoy street performances, they are more likely to take notice of the nearby shops and businesses, and to make more purchases.

　　在欧洲，市政当局一般是对街头艺人持欢迎态度的。据信，街头艺人可以在热闹的市中心创造一种喜庆活跃的气氛，而这有助于吸引更多的游人和顾客。当路人停下脚步来欣赏街头表演时，他们很有可能会注意到附近的店铺和商行，从而购买更多的物品。

　　Underground Music 地铁中的音乐

　　Last year the London Underground allocated certain parts of the Underground for busking. Buskers who want to be part of one of the world's most competitive busking s cenes will have to pass an audition and pay ￡20 for a permit. There are currently over 600 buskers permitted to play for tube commuters in London. Four of them are in contract negotiations with Sony and EMI. Some other facts about London Underground's Buskers include：

　　去年，伦敦地铁在地铁站内为街头表演开辟了特定的区域。街头艺人要想在这个全世界最具竞技性的街头表演场中占有一席之地的话，就要跨过试演这一关，并支付20英镑以便得到一张许可证。目前，有600多名街头艺人得到了许可，可以为伦敦乘地铁通勤的人进行表演。他们之中有4个人正在与索尼公司和百代公司洽谈合约的事情。与伦敦地铁的街头艺人相关的其它事情有：

　　*Of the 602 licensed London Underground Buskers， 78 per cent are men， 22 per cent are women.

　　在602名拥有许可证的伦敦地铁街头艺人中，78%是男性，22%是女性。

　　*52 per cent of them are gainfully employed elsewhere. One is a doctor， one a teacher and another an accountant.

　　他们中有52%的人在其它地方有带薪工作。有一个是医生，有一个是教师，还有一个是会计。

　　*The oldest performer is 89 year-old 'Busker Bill'.

　　年龄最大的艺人是89岁的“街头艺人比尔”。

　　*Of the 602 buskers， 58 per cent are guitarists， 10 per cent violinists， 9 per cent saxophonists， 10 per cent play flutes and harmonicas， 6 per cent accordions and keyboards and 2 per cent play the didgeridoo.

　　在602名街头艺人当中，58%是演奏吉他的人，10%是演奏小提琴的人，9%是演奏萨克斯管的人，10%是演奏长笛和口琴的人，6%是演奏手风琴和键盘的人，还有2%是演奏迪吉里杜管的人。

　　*67 per cent have been approached to play elsewhere， including：

　　67%的人受邀在其它地方表演，这些场合包括：

　　- A secret celebrity party

　　一次秘密的名人聚会上

　　- A 50th birthday of Woolwich Artillery Barracks' commanding officer

　　伍尔威治炮兵营地司令官的50岁生日宴会上

　　- A summer party for an embassy in London

　　伦敦某大使馆的一次夏日聚会上

　　*One busker plays purely for charity - donating his entire takings to Children in Need each week

　　一名街头艺人的表演纯粹是为了慈善事业——每周他都会把收入捐给“贫困儿童”组织。

　　How to Busk 如何在街头卖艺

　　Busking is a fun activity for the performer. Buskers, regardless of whether they are professional musicians or amateurs, can enjoy the experience of performing anonymously. The success of the performance depends solely on how well the busker can grab and hold a crowd's attention. It's a fun way to be part of a festive crowd and practice performance skills in the meantime.

　　街头表演对于街头艺人来说是一项有乐趣的活动。街头艺人，无论是专业的音乐家还是业余爱好者，都会从匿名表演中享受到乐趣。表演是否成功的唯一标准便是街头艺人吸引和保持人群注意力的能力。身处欢乐的人群之中并即时玩弄演奏技巧是一件乐事。

　　1. Learn about the regulations and laws about busking in the area you want to perform before you start strumming your guitar. Even in areas where it is legal to busk, make sure that if you draw a crowd you won't end up obstructing traffic. Busking is fun, but not if you end up on the wrong side of the law.

　　在你开始随意演奏吉他之前，要先搞清你想要表演的场所对街头表演有什么法律规定。即使是在可以合法进行街头表演的地方，也要确保一点，那就是如果你吸引住一堆人群，你不能到最后因此而阻碍了交通。街头表演是乐趣，但是，如果你违反了法律的话就并非如此了。

　　2. Respect the local residents. Don't ②lay into your drum kit at midnight in a residential area. Also respect the space of other buskers.

　　要尊重当地居民。午夜时分，不要在居民区敲打你的架子鼓。也不要侵占其他街头艺人的空间。

　　3. Judge your audience. Try to play music that will appeal to them. If they are older, play a few golden oldies, and if they are young give them more contemporary stuff. Watch their reactions. As soon as the crowd starts to fidget change the music.

　　对听众要有判断力

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