中华人民共和国刑法（四）

sonment of not less than five years， and may concurrently be sentenced to confiscation of property.

　　Article 172 Whoever conceals goods that be clearly knows were obtained by a criminal act or acts as a sales agent for them shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years， criminal detention or public surveillance， or he may concurrently or exclusively be sentenced to a fine.

　　Article 173 Whoever， in violation of the laws and regulations on protection of cultural relics， secretly transports precious cultural relics for export shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years and not more than ten years， and may concurrently be sentenced to a fine； if the circumstances are serious， the offender shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than ten years or life imprisonment， and may concurrently be sentenced to confiscation of property.

　　Article 174 Whoever intentionally damages precious cultural relics， historic sites or scenic spots protected by the state shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than seven years or criminal detention.

　　Article 175 Whoever intentionally damages the boundary tablets， boundary markers or permanent survey indicators along the national border shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention.

　　Any act committed for the purpose of treason shall be punished as a crime of counterrevolution.

　　Article 176 Whoever， in violation of the exit and entry regulations， secretly crosses the national boundary （borderline）， if the circumstances are serious， shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than one year， criminal detention or public surveillance.

　　Article 177 Whoever， for the purpose of profit， organizes or transports another person to secretly cross the national boundary （borderline） shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years， criminal detention or public surveillance and may concurrently be sentenced to a fine.

　　Article 178 Whoever violates t

he national border health and quarantine regulations and causes the spread of quarantine able infectious diseases or causes a serious danger of such diseases spreading shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention， or he may concurrently or exclusively be sentenced to a fine.

　　Chapter VII Crimes of Disrupting Marriage and the Family

　　Article 179 Whoever forcibly interferes with another person's freedom of marriage shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than two years or criminal detention.

　　If anyone committing the crime mentioned in the preceding paragraph causes his victim's death， he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than two years and not more than seven years.

　　The crime mentioned in the first paragraph of this Article shall be handled only upon complaint.

　　Article 180 Whoever has a spouse and commits bigamy or whoever marries another person while clearly knowing that the other has a spouse shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than two years or criminal detention.

　　Article 181 Whoever cohabits with or marries a person while clearly knowing that that person is the spouse of a member of the armed forces in active service shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years.

　　Article 182 Whoever maltreats a member of his family， if the circumstances are flagrant， shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than two years， criminal detention or public surveillance.

　　If anyone committing the crime mentioned in the preceding paragraph causes serious injury or death to his victim， he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than two years and not more than seven years.

　　The crime mentioned in the first paragraph of this Article shall be handled only upon complaint.

　　Article 183 Whoever refuses his proper duty to support an aged person， minor， sick person or any other person who cannot live independently， if the circumstances are flagrant， shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years， criminal detention or public surveillance.

　　Article 184 Whoever abducts a boy or girl under the age of 14， thereby cutting the child off from his family or guardian， shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or criminal detention.

　　Chapter VIII Crimes of Dereliction of Duty

　　Article 184 Whoever abducts a boy or girl under the age of 14， thereby cutting the child off from his family or guardian， shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or criminal detention.

　　Chapter VIII Crimes of Dereliction of Duty

　　Article 185 Any state functionary who takes advantage of his office to accept bribes shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or criminal detention. The funds or articles that be received as bribes shall be confiscated， and public funds or articles shall be recovered.

　　Whoever commits the crime mentioned in the preceding paragraph and causes the interests of the state or citizens to suffer serious losses shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years.

　　Whoever offers or introduces a bribe to a state functionary shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention.

　　Article 186 Any state functionary who divulges important state secrets， in violation of state laws and regulations on the protection of secrets， if the circumstances are serious， shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than seven years， criminal detention or deprivation of political rights.

　　If a person who is not a state functionary commits the crime mentioned in the preceding paragraph， he shall be punished in the light of the circumstances and

in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

　　Article 187 Any state functionary who， because of neglect of duty， causes public property or the interests of the state and the people to suffer heavy losses shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or criminal detention.

　　Article 188 Any judicial functionary who engages in malpractice for the benefit of his friends and subjects to prosecution a person he clearly knows to be innocent and intentionally protects from prosecution a person he clearly knows to be guilty， or intentionally twists the law， confounding right and wrong， when rendering judgments or orders， shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years， criminal detention or deprivation of political rights； if the circumstances are particularly serious， he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years.

　　Article 189 Any judicial functionary who violates the laws and regulations on prison management and subjects prisoners or internees to corporal punishment， if the circumstances are serious， shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention； if the circumstances are especially serious， he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than three years and not more than ten years.

　　Article 190 Any judicial functionary who releases a criminal without authorization shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than five years or criminal detention； if the circumstances are serious， he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years and not more than ten years.

　　Article 191 Any postal and telecommunications worker who opens， conceals or destroys mail or telegrams without authorization shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than two years or criminal detention.

　　Whoever steals property while committing the crime mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be given a heavier punishment under Article 155 on the crime of embezzlement.

　　Article 192 Any state functionary who commits a crime mentioned in this Chapter， if the circumstances are minor， may be given an administrative sanction by the competent department in the light of the circumstances.

　　Note：

　　*1. “Public surveillance” is the usual English translation for （guanzhi）， literally， “compulsory restraint.” It refers to are latively light criminal penalty applied to criminals who do not have to be confined in prison or a place of reform through labour. When sentenced to public surveillance， a criminal is required to report periodically to a public security organ on his activities. At the same time， his case is announced to the masses in the organization or work unit to which he belongs， giving them the responsibility to watch over his be haviour.——Trans.*2. This refers to the Constitution of 1978.——Trans

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