中华人民共和国建筑法 CONSTRUCTION LAW OF THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA

(Adopted at the 28th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on November 1, 1997 and promulgated by Order No. 91 of the President of the People's Republic of China on November 1, 1997)
颁布日期：19971101 　实施日期：19980301 　颁布单位：全国人大常委会

　　Contents

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Chapter II Building Permit

　　Section 1 Building Permit for Construction Project

　　Section 2 Qualifications for Operations

　　Chapter III Construction Project Contract Issuance and Contracting

　　Section 1 General Rules

　　Section 2 Contract Issuance

　　Section 3 Contracting

　　Chapter IV Construction Project Supervision and Control

　　Chapter V Construction Production Safety Management

　　Chapter VI Construction Project Quality Control

　　Chapter VII Legal Liability

　　Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions

　　Chapter I General Provisions

　　Article 1 This Law is enacted with a view to enhancing supervision and administration over building operations, maintaining order in the construction market, ensuring the quality and safety of construction projects and promoting the sound development of the building industry.

　　Article 2 This Law shall be adhered to in engaging in building operations and in the exercise of supervision and administration over building operations within the territory of the People's Republic of China.

　　The building operations referred to in this Law mean construction of all types of housing and the construction of their ancillary facilities as well as their matching installation operations of wiring, piping and equipment.

　　Article 3 The building operations shall ensure the quality and safety of construction projects and ensure that they are in conformity with the state safety standards for construction projects.

　　Article 4 The State supports the development of the building industry, supports scientific and technological research in construction to improve the levels in the design of housing construction, encourages energy economy and environmental protection, encourages adoption of advanced technologies, advanced equipment, advanced techniques and new building materials and modern mode of management.

　　Article 5 In engaging in building operations, laws and regulations shall be adhered to, and public interest of society and the legitimate rights and interests of others shall not be infringed upon.

　　No unit or individual shall hinder or obstruct the building operations conducted in accordance with law.

　　Article 6 The competent department of construction administration under the State Council exercises uniform supervision and administration over building operations nationwide.

　　Chapter II Building Permit

　　Section 1 Building Permit for Construction Project

　　Article 7 A construction unit shall, prior to the start of construction of a construction project, apply to the competent department of construction administration of the people's government at or above the county level of the place where in the project is to be located for a building permit pursuant to the relevant state provisions; however, the below-ceiling small projects determined by the competent department of construction administration under the State Council are exceptions.

　　A construction project the report for the start of construction of which has been approved pursuant to the terms of reference and procedures prescribed by the State Council shall no longer obtain a building permit.

　　Article 8 Application for a building permit shall meet the following terms:

　　(1) having completed the formalities for the approval of land use for the said construction project;

　　(2) having obtained the planning permit in the case of the construction project in an urban planning zone;

　　(3) in th

e case of necessity of demolition and shifting, the pace of demolition and shifting conforming to the requirements of construction;

　　(4) having determined the construction enterprise;

　　(5) having construction drawings and technical information which meet the requirements for construction;

　　(6) having specific measures for ensuring project quality and safety;

　　(7) the construction funds having been made available; and

　　(8) other terms prescribed by laws and administrative regulations.

　　The competent department of construction administration shall, within 15 days from the date of receipt of an application, issue a building permit for the application which conforms to the terms.

　　Article 9 A construction unit shall start the construction within three months from the date of acquisition of the building permit. For inability to start the construction in time due to unforeseen reasons, an application for extension shall be filed with the permit-issuing organ; the extension shall be limited to two times, and each time shall not exceed three months. The building permit shall be automatically annulled in the case of a construction project which neither gets started nor applies for extension, or which has exceeded the time limit for extension.

　　Article 10 For suspension of construction of a construction project under construction due to unforeseen reasons, the construction unit shall, within one month from the date of suspension of the construction, submit a report to the permit-issuing organ and carry out maintenance and administration of the construction project in accordance with rules.

　　A report shall be submitted to the permit-issuing organ when the construction project resumes construction; prior to resumption of construction of a construction project whose construction has been suspended for a year, the construction unit shall submit a report to the permit-issuing organ for the verification and examination of the building permit.

　　Article 11 For inability to start construction in time or suspension of construction due to unforeseen reasons, a construction project the report for the start of construction of which has been approved pursuant to the relevant provisions of the State Council shall submit a report to the approval authority in time on the situation. For inability to start construction in time exceeding six months due to unforeseen reasons, formalities for the approval of the report for the start of construction shall be completed again.

　　Section 2 Qualifications for Operations.

　　Article 12 Building construction enterprises, survey units, design units and project supervision units engaging in building operations shall have the following qualifications:

　　(1) having a registered capital conforming to state provisions;

　　(2) having specialized technical personnel with qualifications for legal operations commensurate with the building operations engaged in;

　　(3) having technical equipment for engaging in related building operations; and

　　(4) other qualifications prescribed by laws and administrative regulations.

　　Article 13 Building construction enterprises, survey units, design units and project supervision units engaging in building operations shall be classified into different grades of human quality in accordance with such human quality qualifications as the registered capital, specialized technical personnel, technical equipment in their possession and achievements in construction projects completed, and may engage in building operations within the scope permitted by their respective human quality grades on acquisition of the corresponding grade human quality certificates upon passing human quality examination.

　　Article 14 Specialized technical personnel engaging in building operations shall obtain corresponding qualification certificates for operations in accord

ance with law and engage in building operations within the scope permitted by the qualification certificates for operations.

　　Chapter III Construction Project Contract Issuance and Contracting

　　Section 1 General Rules

　　Article 15 The contract issuing unit and contracting unit of a construction project shall conclude a contract in writing according to law expressly defining the rights and obligations of the parties.

　　The contract issuing unit and contracting unit shall comprehensively fulfil the obligations agreed in the contract. The party that fails to fulfil the obligations pursuant to the agreement in the contract shall bear the liability for the breach of the agreement according to law.

　　Article 16 Invitation to tender and bidding of the tender of contract issuance and contracting of a construction project shall follow the principle of openness, fairness and equal competition and the contracting unit shall be selected on merit.

　　For invitation to tender and bidding of the tender of construction projects not prescribed by this Law, provisions of laws relating to invitation to tender and bidding of the tender shall apply.

　　Article 17 A contract issuing unit and its staff members shall not, in the contract issuance of a construction project, accept bribes and commissions or seek other benefits.

　　A contracting unit and its staff members shall not employ such unfair means as offering bribes, commissions or giving other benefits to the contract issuing unit and its staff members to contract the project.

　　Article 18 The cost of a construction project shall, pursuant to relevant state provisions, be agreed upon by the contract issuing unit and the contracting unit in the contract. For a construction project with in

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