中共中央、国务院关于卫生改革与发展的决定 DECISION OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA AND THE STATE

s， diverse forms， clear-cut channels and standardized conduct and gradually form a unified， open， competitive and orderly distribution system. Accelerate the formulation of quality standards for traditional Chinese medicine to enhance scientific management of the production and quality of traditional Chinese medicine.

　　VI. PROMOTE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT， STRENGTHEN THE BUILDING OF THE RANKS OF HEALTH WORKERS

　　（24）Put into practice the thought that science and technology is primary productive force. Single out priorities and concentrate forces in jointly tackling diseases which seriously endanger Chinese people's health in key applied research， high-tech research and basic medical research， strive for new breakthroughs to ensure that main disciplines and key techniques in the field of public health gradually approach or reach advanced international standards.

　　Deepen the reform of public health scientific and technological system， optimize the structure， divert its personnel to enhance the vitality of public health scientific research institutions. The input and building of major public health research institutions， key disciplines and laboratories should be guaranteed. Promote the integration of public health science and technology and prevention and treatment of diseases， accelerate the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements， and extend in a big way suitable techniques. Great importance should be attached to the development， exploitation and dissemination of scientific and technological information and enforcement of information management.

　　Expand international exchange and cooperation in the field of public health. Actively introduce advanced technology， brainpower and management expertise in the forms of bilateral， multilateral， official and unofficial cooperation. Do a good job of foreign assistance in public health.

　　（25）Manage medical education successfully in the training of a force of professional health workers meeting the requirements of society， rational in structure and with ability and moral integrity. Deepen the reform of higher medical education and improve the quality and efficiency of education. Perfect the system of training post-graduates， the degree system as well as the syste

m of continuing education. Emphasis should be put on basic theories in training clinical doctors， all the more so on integrated clinical skills. Accelerate the development of all-disciplinary（？） medical science and training of all disciplinary doctors. Great importance should be attached to the training of public health managerial personnel and bring up a force of professional managers commensurate with the development of the cause of public health. Attention should be paid to the training of leaders in academic research and techniques and strive to create conditions so that the best talents especially young and middle-aged talents can emerge and show themsleves. Public health technical personnel living abroad should be encouraged to return to the country for work or other services indifferent forms.

　　Specialized secondary medical education should adjust its specialities according to the requirements of society with emphasis on the regular training of the force of rural health workers. With regard to specialized medical schools run by communities， the departments of education and public health should be strict in examination and approval and strengthen administration.

　　All types of specialized public health education at all levels should give prominence to the education of professional ethics to lay a good foundation for the all-round improvement in the quality of public health workers.

　　Establish qualification system for practice of such specialized technical personnel as doctors and pharmacists. Continuously perfect the evaluation and determination of technical titles and employment of positions of urban and rural public health workers.

　　（26）Step up education of professional ethics and carry out activities to create civilized practice. Educate the broad masses of public health workers to carry on the spirit of Dr. Bethune and foster the custom of the medical profession in healing the wounded， rescuing the dying， being dutiful， loving one's job， being enthusiastic， pioneering and enterprising， trying hard to be better， being ready to contribute one's share and civil in medical practice， and consciously boy cottmammonism， individualism and any such other acts detrimental to the interests of the masses. Carry out activities to create civilized medical practice which should be combined with the resolution of practical problems about which them asses are most concerned and the promotion of the reform and development of public health service， and persevere in the efforts for practical results. Great publicity should be conducted in respect of model health workers and advanced collectives， and citations and rewards given. Perfect the system of internal supervision and social supervision and resolutely rectify the incorrect styles in the medical profession.

　　VII. STRENGTHEN THE ADMINISTRATION OF MEDICINE AND PROMOTE COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT OF THE MEDICAL SERVICE AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

　　（27）Medicine is a special commodity for the prevention and treatment of diseases and protection of people's health. Administration of the various links of the research， production， distribution， price， advertisements and use of medicine must be stepped up in accordance with law and there should be strict quality supervision to really ensure the safety and effectiveness in the use of medicine by the people. The State shall formulate and perfect basic rules for drugs， the system of administration according to the classifications of prescription drugs and non-prescription drugs and there serve system of medicine at the central level and the provincial level.

　　Actively explore the reform of the management system of medicine and gradually form a unified， authoritative and efficient management system.

　　（28）Formulate development plan for medicine to ensure coordinated development of the pharmaceutical industry and the cause of public health. Strengthen macro control and adjust t

he structure of pharmaceutical enterprises and the structure of products. State-owned large- and medium-size pharmaceutical production enterprises should establish modern enterprise system and bring about scale economy. Accelerate technical transformation of pharmaceutical production and operational enterprises and strengthen scientific management in strict accordance with the quality control standards for pharmaceutical production and business operations. Encourage and support the research and development of new drugs to upgrade the competitive capabilities of the pharmaceutical products of our country in domestic and world markets.

　　（29）Improve and tighten price control of medicine. The State formulates the price policy of medicine and exercises administration according to classifications. Price ceilings should be fixed and profit ratio under control. Policies should be formulated to encourage production and distribution of drugs included in the State basic drugs catalogs and good-quality low-price drugs. Step up the examination and approval and price control of import drugs.

　　（30）Consolidate and standardize the distribution order of medicine. Tighten control of business operations and sale of drugs， serious penalties shall be meted out to illegal criminal acts of manufacturing and selling fake and inferior medicine， firmly ban illegal medicine markets and commercial sales points， firmly curb such illegal acts as giving and accepting commissions in marketing and purchasing activities related to medicine. Institutions of medicine sales should consciously boycott all kinds of acts of unfair competition and provide services which will let people rest assured and feel satisfied.

　　（31）Importance should be attached and active support given to the research and development and quality upgrading of medical instruments， medical equipment， medical materials and medical apparatus， and step up supervision and control of their production and uses.

　　VIII. PERFECT PUBLIC HEALTH ECONOMIC POLICY AND INCREASE PUBLIC HEALTH INPUT

　　（32）Input in the cause of public health by the Central Government and local governments shall increase year by year with the development of the economy， and the range of increase shall not be lower than that of the increase in financial expenditure. Actively expand channels of fund-raising for public health， and extensively mobilize various walks of life of society and raise funds for the development of the cause of public health.

　　Public-run public health institutions which are non-profit units shall continue to enjoy preferential policies in respect of taxes and fees. Local governments should， in good earnest， resolve the problem of social overburdening.

　　Capital construction， purchase and maintenance of major equipment of all types of public health institutions run by the government shall be arranged by the government in accordance with the requirements of regional public health plan. Expenditures for honorary retirees and other retirees and medical insurance costs of public health workers shall be guaranteed in accordance with the provisions of the State. Expenses of preventive health care institutions and business expenses for basic preventive health care shall be arranged in financial budget， their revenues from compensatory services shall be included in budget management but shall not offset financial appropriations. Expenses for public health law enforcement shall be guaranteed by finance and shall follow the principle o

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