国务院关于加强和改善文物工作的通知 CIRCULAR OF THE STATE COUNCIL CONCERNING THE STRENGTHENING AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE

relics and other non-religious departments must not install boxes for charitable and pious deeds， collect alms and engage in religious activities， let alone superstitious activities.

　　III. Bringing into Full Play the Role of Cultural Relics in the Service of Building of Socialist Spiritual Civilization

　　The role of cultural relics in social education， historical reference and scientific research must be brought into full play under the prerequisite of effective protection and stepped-up management. Exploitation of cultural relics must be subordinated to and serve the requirements of the building of socialist spiritual civilization， persist in putting social benefits first and strive for the realization of unification of social benefits and economic benefits. Environment and conditions instrumental to putting social benefits first should be created for non-profit institutions and units of cultural relics and museums， necessary guarantee is given in funds and support provided in cultural and economic policies. Local People's Governments at all levels and in particular those People's Governments of the localities where there are concentration of cultural relics must guard against the practices of seeking pure economic interests to the damage of cultural relics while exploiting the cultural relics as a local advantage. Major projects of exploitation of cultural relics must go through adequate scientific authentication in advance and strict formalities of examination and approval to avoid destructive exploitation of cultural relics.

　　While organizing display， exhibitions and guided tour briefings， units of cultural relics and museums of all types and at all levels must persist in carrying forward the patriotic， socialist and revolutionary traditions， making full use of one's own advantages， and introducing displays and exhibitions of fine cultural relics， books on cultural relics and audiovisual products on cultural relics in a planned way and with focuses. Protection and utilization of contemporary and modern cultural relics and especially revo

lutionary cultural relics should be further stepped up and efforts are made to do a good job in the general survey， collection， protection， research and display of revolutionary cultural relics. A number of museums and memorial halls（sites） of revolution with great influence should be determined and necessary support in funds granted by the People's Governments at all levels to build them step by step into bases of patriotic education with complete infrastructure.

　　The departments of administration of cultural relics of the State and all provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government should respectively determine and build a number of major museums. For museums run by departments， enterprises， institutions or individuals outside the system of cultural relics， the departments of cultural relics should formulate corresponding rules and regulations and provide necessary guidance and supervision. Collection units of cultural relics should step up the collection of cultural relics especially rare and precious cultural relics， further enrich the collections and conduct adjustments and exchanges among the collection units. The higher departments of administration of cultural relics have the power to ship the rare and precious cultural relics collected by the collection units with no safety conditions to designated units for safekeeping. Information processing and compilation of report on archaeological excavations should be completed within three years upon completion of the excavation projects of the archaeological excavation units. The excavated cultural relics， with the exception of a few items which can be kept as specimens with the approval of the departments of administration of cultural relics of the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government， must be handed over to designated museums on time. The departments of administration of cultural relics of the provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Governemnt should compile catalogs of state-owned collections of regions under their respective jurisdictions as quickly as possible. On this basis， the department of administration of cultural relics of the State should compile general catalogs of the state owned collections of cultural relics nationwide.

　　Full use should be made of China's advantages in cultural relics to conduct exchanges and cooperation with the parties concerned abroad and win extensive donations and support from international organizations， governments and societies of friendly countries， overseas Chinese and compatriots of Hong Kong， Macau and Taiwan for the protection of cultural relics in this country. The rights and interests of the country must be safeguarded， safety of the cultural relic sensured， procedures for examination and approval strictly followed in carrying out cooperative and exchange activities in cultural relics with foreign countries under overall planning and unified control， and the funds raised should be used for the development of the cause of cultural relics in China.

　　IV. Enhancement and Improvement of Cultural Relics Market Control

　　Cultural relics in market circulation are special commodities. The departments concerned should coordinate with one another in further enhancing and improving cultural relics market control， stepping up regulation， control and supervision and ensuring the healthy development of the cultural relics market. Operational units engaging in procurement and distribution of cultural units must go through formalities of strict examination and approval in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State and engage in operations within the approved scope. No unit or individual shall engage in business operations in cultural relics without approval. The departments of industry and commerce administration should， in conjunction with the departments of administration of

cultural relics and public security， firmly ban illegal operational activities in cultural relics. The departments of administration of industry and commerce， cultural relics and domestic trade should exercise joint supervision and control over the approved second-hand goods markets. Customs of all localities should step up supervision and control over exit and entry cultural relics and guard against losses of rare and precious cultural relics.

　　Cultural relics auction markets must be standardized in accordance with law. The departments of administration of cultural relics of the State， provinces， autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government and the cultural relics appraisal organs under them should strengthen the work of examination and approval of appraisals and permits for cultural relics auction subject matters. Cultural relics the buying and selling of which are prohibited bylaws and regulations must not enter the auction markets as auction subject matters. Cultural relics circulating in society and having extraordinarily important historical， scientific and artistic values（including special varieties of cultural relics）should be directionally auctioned within a certain scope. The State has priority purchasing right over rare and precious cultural relics handed down from generations and owned by individuals which are put on sale by citizens.

　　V. Intensification of Efforts in Law Enforcement and Stern Crackdown on Criminal Activities Related to Cultural Relics

　　Efforts should be intensified in law enforcement while conducting extensive， in-depth and lasting publicity of laws and regulations related to the protection of cultural relics and exertions made to the proper handling of corporate law-breaking cases， and investigation of administrative and legal liabilities of the parties and responsible persons. The departments of public security， domestic trade， industry and commerce， customs and cultural relics should step up coordination to form a cohesive force and launch a stern crackdown on criminal activities involving pirate excavations， robberies， pilferage and smuggling of cultural relics. Public security organs should step up precautions in key collection units of cultural relics and areas of frequent occurences of cultural relics-related crimes and set up special-purpose public security outposts when necessary. The departments of cultural relics should establish sound responsibility system for the protection of cultural relics， cooperate with public security organs in crackdown on cultural relics-related criminal activities， and support and encourage caretakers of cultural relics in the fight against illegal criminal acts.

　　VI. Strengthening of the Buildup of the Ranks and Upgrading of the Management Level of Cultural Relics

　　To do the cultural relics-related work well， a workforce of cultural relics which is politically strong， professionally proficient and correct in style must be built up. All departments and units concerned must attache great importance to the ideological building of the workforce， educate and require numerous cadres to adhere to correct political orientation， conscientiously study Marxism-Leninism， Mao Zedong Thought and especially Deng Xiaoping's theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics， adopt the idea of serving the people whole-heartedly and noble professional ethics and consciously abide by discipline and law. In the meantime， numerous cadres should be organized to study hard and master relevant policies， laws and regulations and professional knowledge and constantly raise professional levels.

　　Training of technical personnel of revenant specialities should be further stepped up by adopting the ways of “co

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